Identification of Technical Risks and Their Influence on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Systems in High-Rise Commercial Building Construction Projects in Padang City

Abstract

The construction industry experiences a high rate of workplace accidents, many of which are caused by technical factors on construction sites. Previous studies have largely emphasized behavioral and managerial aspects of construction safety, while quantitative evidence on the influence of technical risks on Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) system effectiveness in Indonesian construction projects remains limited. This study aims to identify technical risks and examine their relationship with the OSH system in commercial building construction projects. A quantitative approach with a descriptive-correlational survey design was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires from 60 respondents directly involved in project technical activities and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and simple linear regression. The findings show that technical risks were categorized as high (mean = 3.41–4.20), with the most prominent indicators being work method errors (mean = 4.12), equipment failure (mean = 3.95), material quality issues (mean = 3.78), and design errors (mean = 3.60). The implementation of the OSH system was also rated high (mean = 3.91), although improvements are still needed in training and supervision. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between technical risk and the OSH system (r = -0.620, p < 0.01). Regression analysis further indicated that technical risk significantly affects OSH system performance (Y = 5.12 – 0.58X). These findings highlight that effective technical risk control is essential for strengthening OSH system implementation. The study underscores the importance of integrating technical risk management with OSH practices and adopting construction technologies to enhance workplace safety.